\(\int\left(\frac{1}{x}-2x\right)dx=ln\left|x\right|-x^2+C\)

\(\int cos2xdx=\frac{1}{2}sin2x+C\)

\(\int\frac{1}{x^2-4x+4}dx=\int\frac{d\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=-\frac{1}{\left(x-2\right)}+C=\frac{1}{2-x}+C\)

\(\int\limits^4_1\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}dx=\sqrt{x}|^4_1=\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{1}=1\)

\(I=\int\limits^1_0\left(2x+1\right)e^xdx\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=2x+1\\dv=e^xdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=2dx\\v=e^x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\left(2x+1\right)e^x|^1_0-\int\limits^1_02e^xdx=3e-1-2e^x|^1_0=e+3\)

\(\int\left(3x^2-2x-4\right)dx=x^3-x^2-4x+C\)

\(\int\left(sin3x-cos4x\right)dx=-\dfrac{1}{3}cos3x-\dfrac{1}{4}sin4x+C\)

\(\int\left(e^{-3x}-4^x\right)dx=-\dfrac{1}{3}e^{-3x}-\dfrac{4^x}{ln4}+C\)

d. \(I=\int lnxdx\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=lnx\\dv=dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{dx}{x}\\v=x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow u=x.lnx-\int dx=x.lnx-x+C\)

e. Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x\\dv=e^xdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=dx\\v=e^x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=x.e^x-\int e^xdx=x.e^x-e^x+C\)

f.

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x+1\\dv=sinxdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=dx\\v=-cosx\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=-\left(x+1\right)cosx+\int cosxdx=-\left(x+1\right)cosx+sinx+C\)

g.

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=lnx\\dv=xdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{dx}{x}\\v=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2.lnx-\dfrac{1}{2}\int xdx=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2.lnx-\dfrac{1}{4}x^2+C\)

Câu 2)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln ^2x\\ dv=x^2dx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=2\frac{\ln x}{x}dx\\ v=\frac{x^3}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow I=\frac{x^3}{3}\ln ^2x-\frac{2}{3}\int x^2\ln xdx\)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} k=\ln x\\ dt=x^2dx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} dk=\frac{dx}{x}\\ t=\frac{x^3}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int x^2\ln xdx=\frac{x^3\ln x}{3}-\int \frac{x^2}{3}dx=\frac{x^3\ln x}{3}-\frac{x^3}{9}+c\)

Do đó \(I=\frac{x^3\ln^2x}{3}-\frac{2}{9}x^3\ln x+\frac{2}{27}x^3+c\)

Câu 3:

\(I=\int\frac{2}{\cos 2x-7}dx=-\int\frac{2}{2\sin^2x+6}dx=-\int\frac{dx}{\sin^2x+3}\)

Đặt \(t=\tan\frac{x}{2}\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} \sin x=\frac{2t}{t^2+1}\\ dx=\frac{2dt}{t^2+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=-\int \frac{2dt}{(t^2+1)\left ( \frac{4t^2}{(t^2+1)^2}+3 \right )}=-\int\frac{2(t^2+1)dt}{3t^4+10t^2+3}=-\int \frac{2d\left ( t-\frac{1}{t} \right )}{3\left ( t-\frac{1}{t} \right )^2+16}=\int\frac{2dk}{3k^2+16}\)

Đặt \(k=\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}\tan v\). Đến đây dễ dàng suy ra \(I=\frac{-1}{2\sqrt{3}}v+c\)

Câu 6)

\(I=-\int \frac{\left ( 1-\frac{1}{x^2} \right )dx}{x^2+2+\frac{1}{x^2}}=-\int \frac{d\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )}{\left ( x+\frac{1}{x} \right )^2}=-\frac{1}{x+\frac{1}{x}}+c=-\frac{x}{x^2+1}+c\)

Câu 8)

\(I=\int \ln \left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)dx=\int \ln (x+1)dx-\int \ln (x-1)dx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I=\int \ln (x+1)d(x+1)-\int \ln (x-1)d(x-1)\)

Xét \(\int \ln tdt\) ta có:

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln t\\ dv=dt\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=\frac{dt}{t}\\ v=t\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int \ln tdt=t\ln t-\int dt=t\ln t-t+c\)

\(\Rightarrow I=(x+1)\ln (x+1)-(x+1)-(x-1)\ln (x-1)+x-1+c\)

\(\Leftrightarrow I=(x+1)\ln(x+1)-(x-1)\ln(x-1)+c\)

a/ \(I=\int sinxdx-\frac{1}{2}\int e^{2x}d\left(2x\right)=-cosx-\frac{1}{2}e^{2x}+C\)

b/ Ko rõ đề

c/ Không rõ đề

d/ Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x+1\\dv=sinx.dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=dx\\v=-cosx\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=-\left(x+1\right)cosx+\int cosxdx=-\left(x+1\right)cosx+sinx+C\)

Không phải tất cả các câu đều dùng nguyên hàm từng phần được đâu nhé, 1 số câu phải dùng đổi biến, đặc biệt những câu liên quan đến căn thức thì đừng dại mà nguyên hàm từng phần (vì càng nguyên hàm từng phần biểu thức nó càng phình to ra chứ không thu gọn lại, vĩnh viễn không ra kết quả đâu)

a/ \(I=\int\frac{9x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^3}}dx\)

Đặt \(u=\sqrt{1-x^3}\Rightarrow u^2=1-x^3\Rightarrow2u.du=-3x^2dx\)

\(\Rightarrow9x^2dx=-6udu\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{-6u.du}{u}=-6\int du=-6u+C=-6\sqrt{1-x^3}+C\)

b/ Đặt \(u=1+\sqrt{x}\Rightarrow du=\frac{dx}{2\sqrt{x}}\Rightarrow2du=\frac{dx}{\sqrt{x}}\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{2du}{u^3}=2\int u^{-3}du=-u^{-2}+C=-\frac{1}{u^2}+C=-\frac{1}{\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)^2}+C\)

c/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt{2x+3}\Rightarrow u^2=2x\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{u^2}{2}\\dx=u.du\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{u^2.u.du}{2u}=\frac{1}{2}\int u^2du=\frac{1}{6}u^3+C=\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)^3}+C\)

d/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt{1+e^x}\Rightarrow u^2-1=e^x\Rightarrow2u.du=e^xdx\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{\left(u^2-1\right).2u.du}{u}=2\int\left(u^2-1\right)du=\frac{2}{3}u^3-2u+C\)

\(=\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{\left(1+e^x\right)^2}-2\sqrt{1+e^x}+C\)

e/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt[3]{1+lnx}\Rightarrow u^3=1+lnx\Rightarrow3u^2du=\frac{dx}{x}\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int u.3u^2du=3\int u^3du=\frac{3}{4}u^4+C=\frac{3}{4}\sqrt[3]{\left(1+lnx\right)^4}+C\)

f/ \(I=\int cosx.sin^3xdx\)

Đặt \(u=sinx\Rightarrow du=cosxdx\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int u^3du=\frac{1}{4}u^4+C=\frac{1}{4}sin^4x+C\)

Từ phần này trở đi mới bắt đầu xài nguyên hàm từng phần:

g/ \(I=\int\left(x^2+2x-1\right)e^xdx\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x^2+2x-1\\dv=e^xdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\left(2x+2\right)dx\\v=e^x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\left(x^2+2x-1\right)e^x-\int\left(2x+2\right)e^xdx\)

Xét \(J=\int\left(2x+2\right)e^xdx\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=2x+2\\dv=e^xdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=2dx\\v=e^x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow J=\left(2x+2\right)e^x-\int2e^xdx=\left(2x+2\right)e^x-2e^x+C=2x.e^x+C\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\left(x^2+2x-1\right)e^x-2x.e^x+C=\left(x^2-1\right)e^x+C\)

Lời giải:

Đặt \(x=\sqrt{3}\tan t(t\in (0; \frac{\pi}{2}))\)

\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{9+3x^2}=\sqrt{9+9\tan ^2t}=\sqrt{\frac{9}{\cos ^2t}}=\frac{3}{\cos t}\)

Khi đó \(I=\int \frac{3d(\sqrt{3}\tan t)}{3\cos t.\tan ^2t}=\int \frac{d(\sqrt{3}\tan t)}{\cos t.\tan ^2t}\)

\(=\int \frac{\sqrt{3}dt}{\cos ^3t\tan ^2t}=\sqrt{3}\int \frac{dt}{\cos ^3.\frac{\sin ^2t}{\cos ^2t}}\)

\(=\sqrt{3}\int \frac{dt}{\cos t\sin ^2t}\)

Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\frac{1}{\cos t}\\ dv=\frac{dt}{\sin ^2t}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=\frac{\sin t}{\cos ^2t}dt\\ v=-\cot t\end{matrix}\right.\)

Suy ra \(I=\sqrt{3}(\frac{-\cot t}{\cos t}+\int \frac{\cot t\sin t}{\cos ^2t}dt)\)

\(=\sqrt{3}(\frac{-\cot t}{\cos t}+\int \frac{dt}{\cos t})\)

\(=\sqrt{3}(\frac{-\cot t}{\cos t}+\int \frac{d(\sin t)}{1-\sin ^2t})\)

Phân tích:

\(\int \frac{d(\sin t)}{1-\sin ^2t}=\int \frac{dk}{1-k^2}=\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{dk}{1-k}+\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{dk}{1+k}=\frac{1}{2}\ln |k+1|-\frac{1}{2}\ln |1-k|+c\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}\ln |\frac{\sin t+1}{\sin t-1}|+c\)

Vậy \(I=\sqrt{3}(\frac{\cot t}{\cos t}+\frac{1}{2}\ln |\frac{\sin t+1}{\sin t-1}|)+c\)

\(\int f\left(4x\right)dx=\frac{1}{4}\int f\left(4x\right)d\left(4x\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(4x\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(4x\right)+C\)

\(\Rightarrow\int f\left(4x\right)d\left(4x\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(4x\right)^2+3.\left(4x\right)+C\)

\(\Rightarrow\int f\left(x+2\right)dx=\int f\left(x+2\right)d\left(x+2\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(x+2\right)^2+3\left(x+2\right)+C\)

\(=\frac{1}{4}x^2+4x+C\)

a)\(\int \sin ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right)dx=\int \frac{1-\cos x }{2}dx=\frac{x}{2}-\frac{\sin x}{2}+c\)

b)\(\int \cos ^2 \left (\frac{x}{2}\right)dx=\int \frac{1+\cos x}{2}dx=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{\sin x}{2}+c\)

c) \(\int \frac{(2x+1)dx}{x^2+x+5}=\int \frac{d(x^2+x+5)}{x^2+x+5}=ln(x^2+x+5)+c\)

d)\(\int (2\tan x+ \cot x)^2dx=4\int \tan ^2 x+\int \cot^2 x+4\int dx=4\int \frac{1-\cos^2 x}{\cos^2 x}dx+\int \frac{1-\sin^2 x}{\sin^2 x}dx+4\int dx \)\( =4\int d(\tan x)-\int d(\cot x)-\int dx=4\tan x-\cot x-x+c\)

Câu a: Tích phân không thể tính được

Câu b:

Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=t\). Khi đó:

\(\int ^{\pi ^2}_{0}x\sin \sqrt{x}dx=\int ^{\pi}_{0}t^2\sin td(t^2)\) \(=2\int ^{\pi}_{0}t^3\sin tdt\)

Tính \(\int t^3\sin tdt\) bằng nguyên hàm từng phần:

\(\Rightarrow \int t^3\sin tdt=\int t^3d(-\cos t)=-t^3\cos t+\int \cos t d(t^3)\)

\(=-t^3\cos t+3\int t^2\cos tdt\)

\(=-t^3\cos t+3\int t^2d(\sin t)=-t^3\cos t+3(t^2\sin t-\int \sin td(t^2))\)

\(=-t^3\cos t+3(t^2\sin t-2\int t\sin tdt)\)

\(=-t^3\cos t+3(t^2\sin t-2\int td(-cos t))\)

\(=-t^3\cos t+3[t^2\sin t-2(-t\cos t+\int \cos tdt)]\)

\(=-t^3\cos t+3t^2\sin t+6t\cos t-6\sin t+c\)

\(\Rightarrow 2\int ^{\pi}_{0}t^3\sin tdt=2(-t^3\cos t+3t^2\sin t+6t\cos t-6\sin t+c)\left|\begin{matrix} \pi\\ 0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(=2\pi ^3-12\pi \)

Lời giải:
Đặt \(2x+1=t\Rightarrow x=\frac{t-1}{2}\)

Khi đó:

\(\int ^{\frac{1}{9}}_{0}\frac{x}{\sin ^2(2x+1)}dx=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{\frac{11}{9}}_{0}\frac{t-1}{\sin ^2t}d(\frac{t-1}{2})=\frac{1}{4}\int ^{\frac{11}{9}}_{1}\frac{t-1}{\sin ^2t}dt\)

Xét \(\int \frac{t-1}{\sin ^2t}dt=\int \frac{t}{\sin ^2t}dt-\int \frac{dt}{\sin ^2t}=\int td(-\cot t)-(-\cot t)+c\)

\(=(-t\cot t+\int \cot tdt)+\cot t+c\)

\(=-t\cot t+\int \frac{\cos t}{\sin t}dt+\cot t+c\)

\(=-t\cot t+\int \frac{d(\sin t)}{\sin t}+\cot t+c\)

\(=-t\cot t+\ln |\sin t|+\cot t+c\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{4}\int ^{\frac{11}{9}}_{1}\frac{t-1}{\sin ^2t}dt=\frac{1}{4}(-t\cot t+\ln |\sin t|+\cot t+c)\left|\begin{matrix} \frac{11}{9}\\ 1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\approx 0,007\)